CERN Accelerating science

HL-LHC Papers

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2024-03-26
07:03
Effect of Irradiation Temperature and Atmosphere on Aging of Epoxy Resins for Superconducting Magnets / Parragh, David Mate (CERN) ; Scheuerlein, Christian (CERN) ; Martin, Noémie (Lyon U.) ; Piccin, Roland (CERN) ; Ravotti, Federico (CERN) ; Pezzullo, Giuseppe (CERN) ; Koettig, Torsten (CERN) ; Lellinger, Dirk (Unlisted, DE)
The superconducting magnets of future particle accelerators will be exposed to high irradiation doses at cryogenic temperatures. To investigate the effect of irradiation temperature and atmosphere on the aging behavior, we have characterized the changes in thermomechanical properties of six epoxy resins for potential use in superconducting magnets after irradiation up to 20 MGy in ambient air, inert gas, and liquid helium. [...]
2024 - 15 p. - Published in : MDPI Polymers 16 (2024) 407 Fulltext: PDF;

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2024-03-26
07:03
Design and Metrological Characterization of a Digitizer for the Highest Precision Magnet Powering in the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider / Beev, Nikolai (CERN ; Bratislava, Slovak Tech. U.) ; Cerqueira Bastos, Miguel (CERN) ; Martino, Michele (CERN) ; Valuch, Daniel (Bratislava, Slovak Tech. U. ; CERN) ; Palafox, Luis (Braunschweig, Phys. Tech. Bund.) ; Behr, Ralf (Braunschweig, Phys. Tech. Bund.)
A new digitizer, the HPM7177, which is a fundamental component of the signal chain for high precision measurement of particle accelerator magnet currents, is presented. It was designed to meet the unprecedented performance requirements for new 14 kA and 18 kA power converters (PCs) for the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) project at CERN, particularly in terms of low-frequency noise and stability. [...]
2024 - 10 p. - Published in : IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 73 (2024) 6501710

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2024-03-26
07:03
The PreProcessor module for the ATLAS Tile calorimeter at the HL-LHC / Valero, A (Valencia U., IFIC) ; Carrió, F (Valencia U., IFIC) ; Fiorini, L (Valencia U., IFIC) ; Cervelló, A (Valencia U., IFIC) ; Hernandez, D (Valencia U., IFIC) ; Ruiz Martinez, A (Valencia U., IFIC)
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has played a crucial role in advancing our understanding of fundamental physics. With the discovery of the Higgs boson in 2012, the ATLAS and CMS experiments have made significant progess in studying its properties and searching for new physics beyond the Standard Model. [...]
2023 - 13 p. - Published in : Front. Detect. Sci. Technol. 1 (2023) 1264123 Fulltext: PDF;

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2024-03-23
06:31
A Combined Testing and Modelling Methodology for the Mechanics of High-Field Superconducting Magnets / Bertarelli, Alessandro (CERN) ; Guinchard, Michael (CERN) ; Holko, Michal (CERN) ; Lackner, Friedrich (CERN) ; Masci, Marco (CERN) ; de Frutos, Oscar Sacristan (CERN) ; Savary, Frédéric (CERN) ; Wolf, Felix (CERN)
The use of superconducting composite cables based on Nb3Sn, an intermetallic compound of Niobium and Tin, is one of the favorite routes to reach magnetic fields higher than 10 T in state-of-the-art accelerator magnets. The brittle and nonlinear nature of the epoxy-impregnated Nb3Sn Rutherford cable makes challenging to predict its mechanical limits and, consequently, the overall performance of the magnet. [...]
2024 - 11 p. - Published in : IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 34 (2024) 1-11 Fulltext: PDF;

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2024-03-20
06:33
Towards MQXFB Series Coils / Lusa, Nicholas (CERN) ; Devred, Arnaud (CERN) ; Ferradas Troitino, José (CERN) ; Izquierdo Bermudez, Susana (CERN) ; Milanese, Attilio (CERN) ; Quassolo, Penelope Matilde (CERN) ; Straarup, Simon (CERN) ; Todesco, Ezio (CERN)
The cold powering test of the first two MQXFB prototype quadrupoles, the Nb$_3$Sn inner triplet magnets to be installed in the HL-LHC, has found performance limitations. This prompted putting on hold the coil fabrication, to review in depth the full manufacturing process, while in parallel performing destructive inspections on selected coils. [...]
2024 - 8 p. - Published in : IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 34 (2024) 4003408

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2024-03-20
06:33
Proof-of-Principle of an Energy-Efficient, Iron-Dominated Electromagnet for Physics Experiments / Devred, A (CERN) ; Ballarino, A (CERN) ; Bourcey, N (CERN) ; Mangiarotti, F (CERN) ; Milanese, A (CERN) ; Petrone, C (CERN)
A number of physics experiments call for the use of iron-dominated, normal-conducting electromagnets to produce moderate fields (2 T range) in a large gap or over a large volume. Although robust and reliable, these magnets require significant electrical power, in the MW range, and can thus be costly to operate, especially in DC mode. [...]
2024 - 7 p. - Published in : IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 34 (2024) 4902007 Fulltext: PDF;

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2024-03-20
06:33
Design of a Radiation Tolerant Power Supply for the Upgrade of LHC Quench Detection System / Pridii, T (CERN) ; Denz, R (CERN) ; Hollos, A E (CERN) ; Garcia, Guzman Martin (CERN) ; Podzorny, T (CERN) ; Spasic, J (CERN) ; Steckert, J (CERN)
The Individually Powered Dipole (IPD) and Individually Powered Quadrupole (IPQ) magnets of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN are protected by a dedicated Quench Detection System (QDS). Within the scope of the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) upgrade, the radiation level in the designated installation area will increase up to 25 Gy per year exceeding the radiation tolerance level of the existing system. [...]
2024 - 5 p. - Published in : IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 34 (2024) 5000105

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2024-03-20
06:33
The Development of MBRD Magnets, the Separation/Recombination Dipoles for the LHC High Luminosity Upgrade / Farinon, Stefania (INFN, Genoa) ; Angius, Silvano (ASG Supercond., Genova) ; Barutti, Alberto (ASG Supercond., Genova) ; Bersani, Andrea (INFN, Genoa) ; Bracco, Michela (Genoa U. ; INFN, Genoa) ; Caiffi, Barbara (INFN, Genoa) ; Fabbricatore, Pasquale (INFN, Genoa) ; Fiscarelli, Lucio (CERN) ; Foussat, Arnaud (CERN) ; Gagno, Andrea (Genoa U. ; INFN, Genoa) et al.
As part of the high-luminosity upgrade of CERN LHC accelerator project, the National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN) in Genoa, Italy, has developed the MBRD separation-recombination dipole, also known as D2, whose function is to bring beams into collision before and after the interaction regions of the CMS and ATLAS experiments. It is a NbTi cos-theta double aperture dipole that generates a 4.5 T field in a 105 mm aperture, with a magnetic length of 7.78 m, and has the specific feature that the magnetic field in the two apertures is oriented in the same direction. [...]
2024 - 5 p. - Published in : IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 34 (2024) 4003205

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2024-03-20
06:33
Validation of the Protection Scheme for the HL-LHC MBRD Magnet by Simulations and Prototype Tests / Caiffi, Barbara (INFN, Genoa) ; Bender, Lennard (Hochschule, Eng. Econ., Karlsruhe) ; Bersani, Andrea (INFN, Genoa) ; Bracco, Michela (INFN, Genoa) ; Farinon, Stefania (INFN, Genoa) ; Foussat, Arnaud (CERN) ; Gagno, Andrea (INFN, Genoa) ; Levi, Filippo (INFN, Genoa) ; Mangiarotti, Franco (CERN) ; Ninet, Gaelle (CERN) et al.
The High-Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) (Todesco et al., 2021) foresees the replacement of the magnets around the interaction points of the ATLAS and CMS experiments at CERN. One of the new magnets is the separation-recombination dipole, also called Main Bending Recombination Dipole (MBRD)(Caiffi et al., 2021), (Levi et al., 2022) in the D2 cryomagnet assembly. [...]
2024 - 5 p. - Published in : IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 34 (2024) 4001405

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2024-03-20
06:33
Evaluation of the Parallel-Scheme Varistors as Energy-Extraction System for a Test Facility of Superconducting Accelerator Magnet / Suzuki, K (KEK, Tsukuba) ; Ikemoto, Y (KEK, Tsukuba) ; Nakamoto, T (KEK, Tsukuba) ; Ogitsu, T (KEK, Tsukuba) ; Okada, N (KEK, Tsukuba) ; Sugano, M (KEK, Tsukuba) ; Kirby, G (CERN) ; Galvin, T (Unlisted, GB)
A varistor is a non-linear V - I resistor and its feature helps to extract stored energy of the magnet quickly while suppressing the magnet voltage. High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) decided to install the varistor for the test facility in order to conduct quench training of a superconducting magnet safely. [...]
2024 - 7 p. - Published in : IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 34 (2024) 9501407

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