CERN Accelerating science

Light output from the 3D printed long bar sample with dimensions of about 10~mm$\times$10 ~mm$\times$50~mm exposed to a $^{137}$Cs $\gamma$-source is shown. The X axis shows the measured number of ADC channels. The comparison between cast scintillator and two 3D printed samples, obtained before (yellow) and after (green) the optimisation of the printing parameters is shown.

Left: the 3D printed scintillator bar with dimensions of $10~\text{mm} \times 10~\text{mm} \times~50~\text{mm}$ exposed to UV light. This sample is used to evaluate the attenuation length of the 3D printed scintillator. Right: the ADC threshold containing the highest 10,000 events as a function of the $^{90}$Sr source distance to SiPM is shown for measurements with one FEE threshold. The quoted uncertainty on the technical attenuation length comes from the measurements variation when using different FEE thresholds.

Left: the 3D printed scintillator bar with dimensions of $10~\text{mm} \times 10~\text{mm} \times~50~\text{mm}$ exposed to UV light. This sample is used to evaluate the attenuation length of the 3D printed scintillator. Right: the ADC threshold containing the highest 10,000 events as a function of the $^{90}$Sr source distance to SiPM is shown for measurements with one FEE threshold. The quoted uncertainty on the technical attenuation length comes from the measurements variation when using different FEE thresholds.

Samples of 3D printed plastic scintillator obtained with different opacity to visible light.

Reflective filament obtained by mixing polymer pellets (Left) with TiO$_2$ white reflective pigments (Middle) and then extruded to filament (Right).

Reflective filament obtained by mixing polymer pellets (Left) with TiO$_2$ white reflective pigments (Middle) and then extruded to filament (Right).

Reflective filament obtained by mixing polymer pellets (Left) with TiO$_2$ white reflective pigments (Middle) and then extruded to filament (Right).

The reflectivity as a function of wavelength for different thicknesses of reflective materials: PTFE (0.34~mm), Tyvek (0.28~mm), TiO$_2$ reflective paint (0.15~mm) and the reflective filament optimized for 3D printing (0.40~mm).

Left: scintillating and reflecting filament used for 3D printing the cube matrix, Right: 3D~printing of 3$\times$3 cube matrix layer where the plastic scintillator cubes are optically separated by a 1~mm thick reflector wall.

Left: scintillating and reflecting filament used for 3D printing the cube matrix, Right: 3D~printing of 3$\times$3 cube matrix layer where the plastic scintillator cubes are optically separated by a 1~mm thick reflector wall.

Left: polystyrene-based scintillator cube with optical reflector. Middle: 2$\times$2 cube matrix layer exposed to UV light. Right: 3$\times$3 cube matrix layer. The plastic scintillator cubes are optically separated by 1~mm thick reflector.

Left: polystyrene-based scintillator cube with optical reflector. Middle: 2$\times$2 cube matrix layer exposed to UV light. Right: 3$\times$3 cube matrix layer. The plastic scintillator cubes are optically separated by 1~mm thick reflector.

Left: polystyrene-based scintillator cube with optical reflector. Middle: 2$\times$2 cube matrix layer exposed to UV light. Right: 3$\times$3 cube matrix layer. The plastic scintillator cubes are optically separated by 1~mm thick reflector.

Left: 3D~printed matrix layer setup, Right: setup used to selected vertical muons and evaluate the performance of 3D~printed matrix layer. The second box is hosting glued-cube layers read out by WLS fibers and MPPCs.

Left: 3D~printed matrix layer setup, Right: setup used to selected vertical muons and evaluate the performance of 3D~printed matrix layer. The second box is hosting glued-cube layers read out by WLS fibers and MPPCs.

Left: average light output obtained by exposing the nine cubes of the 3D printed matrix to cosmics (vertical muons). Right: light cross talk between adjacent cubes from cosmic data taking.

Left: average light output obtained by exposing the nine cubes of the 3D printed matrix to cosmics (vertical muons). Right: light cross talk between adjacent cubes from cosmic data taking.