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A test rig to study heat transfer of sCO2 at CERN / Pedano Medina, Camila Rocio (KIT - Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)) ; Gleissle, Susanne (Offenburg University of Applied Sciences (DE)) ; Petagna, Paolo (CERN)
In high-energy physics (HEP) detectors and modern electronics, thermal management is critical to ensure reliable, long-term operation. Increasing power densities, compact geometries, and stricter environmental regulations are driving the need for efficient, low-GWP cooling solutions. [...]
AIDAinnova-CONF-2025-001.- Geneva : CERN, 2025 Poster presented on the 11.04.2025: PDF;
In : The 6th European Conference on Supercritical CO2 (sCO2), Delft, Nl, 9 - 11 Apr 2025

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The 6th European Conference on Supercritical CO2 (sCO2) - sCO2 Conference 9 - 11 Apr 2025 - Delft, Nl / Pecnik, R (ed.) (Technical University of Delft)
2025

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Studies on supercritical carbon dioxide as a refrigerant for future detectors / Pedano Medina, Camila Rocio (KIT - Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)) ; Petagna, Paolo (CERN) ; Mall-Gleissle, Susanne (Offenburg University of Applied Sciences) ; Wetzel, Thomas (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)
High thermal capacities and low values of density and viscosity are some of the main characteristics of supercritical fluids. These, in combination with the nature of a supercritical fluid - a single phase fluid - make them very interesting candidates for the thermal management of High Energy Physics detectors. [...]
AIDAinnova-CONF-2024-007.- Geneva : CERN, 2023 Fulltext: PDF;

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Towards defining the optimal design parameters for a test setup studying heat transfer with carbon dioxide at supercritical conditions / Pedano Medina, Camila Rocio (KIT - Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (DE)) ; Petagna, Paolo (CERN) ; Mall-Gleissle, Susanne (Offenburg University of Applied Sciences)
As the demand for environmentally friendly refrigeration technologies continues to grow, the use of natural refrigerants for the thermal management of detectors for high-energy physics becomes increasingly relevant. While the use of boiling CO2 flows is well established at CERN for applications requiring cold conditions, this study focuses on investigating the heat transfer capabilities of carbon dioxide in supercritical conditions. [...]
AIDAinnova-CONF-2024-006.- Geneva : CERN, 2024 Fulltext: PDF;

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A new cold cooling system using krypton for the future upgrade of the LHC after the long shutdown 4 (LS4) / Contiero, Luca (Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) (NO)) ; Verlaat, Bart (CERN) ; Hafner, Armin (Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) (NO)) ; Banasiak, Krzysztof (Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) (NO)) ; Allouche, Yosr (Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) (NO)) ; Petagna, Paolo (CERN)
Future silicon detectors for high-energy physics experiments will require operation at lower temperatures to cope with radiation damage to the sensors and the consequent increase of dark current, beyond the limit of the current CO2 evaporative cooling system. This, along with other requirements such as mass minimization and high radiation hardness, drives the need for new advanced cooling technology. [...]
AIDAinnova-PUB-2024-001.- Geneva : CERN, 2024

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Applying krypton as refrigerant for cooling of future particle detector trackers at CERN / Contiero, Luca (Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) (NO)) ; Verlaat, Bart (CERN) ; Hafner, Armin (Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) (NO)) ; Banasiak, Krzysztof (Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) (NO)) ; Allouche, Yosr (Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) (NO)) ; Petagna, Paolo (CERN)
Future silicon-based particle detectors at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider will be exposed to higher radiation levels, requiring the silicon sensors to be kept at lower temperatures than those provided by the current cooling systems using CO2. Aiming to achieve temperature levels unattainable by CO2 and ranging between -60 to -80°C while maintaining environmental friendliness, the use of Krypton appears promising for the thermal management of future high-energy physics detectors. [...]
AIDAinnova-CONF-2024-003.- Geneva : CERN, 2024 - Published in : Conference website Fulltext: PDF;

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An advance Krypton – CO2 cascade refrigeration unit for the Phase III Upgrade of the VELO detector at CERN / Contiero, Luca (Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) (NO)) ; Hafner, Armin (Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) (NO)) ; Verlaat, Bart (CERN) ; Banasiak, Krzysztof (Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) (NO)) ; Allouche, Yosr (Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) (NO))
The Vertex Locator (VELO) of the LHCb (Large Hadron Collider) experiment will soon undergo the Phase III upgrade to fully read out events in a higher irradiated environment. An unprecedented amount of radiation will lead to temperature levels unmanageable by the current CO2 cooling system (2PACL) developed at CERN-Nikhef. [...]
AIDAinnova-CONF-2024-002.- Geneva : CERN, 2023 - Published in : Conference website Fulltext: PDF;

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A prototype with Xenon to simulate the future advance refrigeration unit for cooling of silicon detector trackers / Contiero, Luca (Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) (NO)) ; Hafner, Armin (Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) (NO)) ; Banasiak, Krzysztof (Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) (NO)) ; Verlaat, Bart (CERN) ; Petagna, Paolo (CERN) ; Allouche, Yosr (Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) (NO))
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will soon undergo the Phase III Upgrade, resulting in radiation levels never achieved before. Therefore, both the detector cooling system and mechanical supports for future particle trackers should also be upgraded, as the current refrigeration technology using CO₂ is insufficient to prevent the thermal runaway of silicon sensors due to the CO₂ triple point temperature (≈ -56°C). [...]
AIDAinnova-CONF-2024-001.- Geneva : CERN, 2023 - Published in : Link to conference Fulltext: PDF;

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A new cold cooling system using krypton for the future upgrade of the LHC after the long shutdown 4 (LS4) / Contiero, Luca (CERN ; Norwegian U. Sci. Tech.) ; Verlaat, Bart (CERN) ; Hafner, Armin (Norwegian U. Sci. Tech.) ; Banasiak, Krzysztof (Norwegian U. Sci. Tech.) ; Allouche, Yosr (Norwegian U. Sci. Tech.) ; Petagna, Paolo (CERN)
Future silicon detectors for High Energy Physics Experiments will require operation at lower temperatures to cope with radiation damage of the sensors and consequent increase of the dark current, beyond the limit of the current CO2 evaporative cooling system. This, together with many other requirements such as mass minimization and high radiation hardness, pushes the need of a new advanced cooling technology. [...]
2024 - 15 p. - Published in : Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., A 1064 (2024) 169420 Fulltext: PDF;

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10.

Semi-Dry Cooling Solutions for Future Superconducting Accelerator Structures / Chioteli, Maria (CERN) ; Koettig, Torsten (CERN) ; Onufrena, Aleksandra (CERN) ; Naydenov, Boyan (CERN) ; Adam, Thomas (CEA INAC, Grenoble) ; Bremer, Johan (CERN)
Cryogenic dry cooling solutions for Superconducting RF cavities allow for synergies with modern cavity production methods based on vacuum coating and A15 SC layer deposition methods. A proof-of-concept cryogenic performance test stand will study relevant parameters of low-temperature cooling loops with respect to the RF performance of a 1.3 GHz prototype cavity. [...]
2024 - 4 p. - Published in : IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 34 (2024) 3500504

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