TileCal Response to Single Isolated Charged Particles with Run 1 data Cerda Alberich Leonor Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular (IFIC), Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC Solans Sanchez Carlos European Laboratory for Particle Physics, CERN 2017 A study of the response of TileCal to isolated charged hadrons is carried out on the Minimum Bias stream of the data with a center of mass energy of $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV in 2010 and 2011 and $\sqrt{s}$ = 8 TeV in 2012 recorded during the Run 1 of the LHC. Characterization of the response is measured in terms of the ratio of the energy deposited in the calorimeter divided by the momentum measured in the inner detector. Comparisons with MC predictions are within few percent in all detector regions and are compatible with previous measurements. INTNOTEATLASINT

Cesium Calibration and Monitoring System for ATLAS Hadron Calorimeter 2016 A system to calibrate and monitor the ATLAS Scintillating Tile Hadron Calorimeter (TileCal) was constructed at CERN Laboratory. A set of movable radioactive sources, driven by a liquid flow, travels through the calorimeter body deposing a known energy to the calorimeter cells. Extensive R&D studies have been carried out and several prototypes have been created, before the acceptance of the final design. The prototypes have been used for quality check and inter-calibration of the Tile Calorimeter modules, and tested with real beams. The corresponding soft- and hard-ware of the distributed control system as well as the offline software featuring the state-of-art algorithms of data processing have been developed. The final design of the monitoring system is currently used in ATLAS detector, and its features, performance, as well as the latest results are presented in this note. INTNOTEATLASINT

Calibration of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter: Laser events in the empty bunch crossing. Romano Saez Silvestre Marino Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire (LPC), Clermont Universite, Universite Blaise Pascal, CNRS/IN2P3, Clermont-Ferrand, France Calvet Samuel Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire (LPC), Clermont Universite, Universite Blaise Pascal, CNRS/IN2P3, Clermont-Ferrand, France 2016 The laser system provides a set of calibration constants applied in the energy measure- ments made for the PMTs of the hadronic calorimeter of the ATLAS detector. The object of this study is to determine if the collision runs can be used to perform the calibration. The statistical and systematic uncertainties of the constants are estimated comparing the devia- tions detected with the laser and cesium systems. The method implemented is inspired by the one used to compute the calibration constants with the laser runs. The total uncertainty of the laser calibration constants is 0.29% for the Layer BC in long barrel and 0.30% for the Layer B in extended barrel. The second part of the study demonstrates using toy MC data, that the statistical uncertainty related to the number of laser events isn’t dominant in the comparison of the two calibration systems. INTNOTEATLASINT

Performance study of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter using isolated muon events from $W\rightarrow\mu\nu$ in 2010-2012 collision data van Woerden Marius Cornelis European Laboratory for Particle Physics, CERN Wilkens Henric George European Laboratory for Particle Physics, CERN 2016 $pp$ collision data collected in 2010, 2011 and 2012 have been used in the ATLAS experiment to study the calibration of the hadronic Tile Calorimeter (TileCal). Experimental cell responses produced by $W\rightarrow\mu\nu$ isolated muons are compared to Monte Carlo simulations at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV and $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV for periods 2010-2011 and 2012, respectively, addressing uniformity and time stability. The results of this analysis were found to be pileup independent. Upper limits on the average non-uniformity in $\phi$ of the response amongst calorimeter cells of the same type were found to decrease from $10\%$ for each individual cell type in 2010 to about $5\%$ in 2011 and 2012. $0.73\%$ (38), $1.6\%$ (68) and $1.9\%$ (101) of calorimeter cells deviated more than $3\sigma$ from the mean, respectively. Most deviant cells were found to have a bad calibration flag, indicating that the calibration systems were performing well. The calorimeter was found to be intercalibrated in $\eta$ for radial layers A and B/BC. It was found that LB-D had higher response than the layers LB-A and LB-BC: $4\%$ in 2010 and $3\%$ in 2011 and 2012. The radial layers LB-A, LB-BC, EB-A, EB-B and EB-D were intercalibrated for data taking years 2010, 2011 and 2012. Between 2010 and 2011, an response increase of $5.8\pm0.2\%$ is observed. Between 2011 and 2012, an response increase of $0.6\pm0.1\%$ is observed. INTNOTEATLASINT

Electronic noise performance of the TileCal modules with v.7.5 switch finger low voltage power supplies Bylund O Stockholm University Nguyen D Argonne National Laboratory Rossetti V Stockholm University Vichou I University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign 2014 This note presents the electronic noise performance of TileCal modules with v.7.5 finger low voltage power supplies (fLVPS), installed during 2011-2012 LHC winter shutdown. We observe significant improvement in noise performance compared to that of modules with v.6 fLVPS. The correlation of noise is reduced by a factor of 2 to 3 and the cell noise is closer to Gaussian distribution with significantly suppressed tail. INTNOTEATLASINT

Studies of high-$p_T$ jets reconstructed in TileCal using 2012 data Chekanov S ANL Henriques Correia A M CERN Nguyen D ANL Proudfoot J ANL 2014 An examination of jet energies in the Tile calorimeter (TileCal) using $\gamma+jet$ data collected in 2012 is presented. The data are compared to the Monte Carlo (MC) simulation for jets with $p_T(jet)>140$ GeV. Direct photons are used to determine the absolute energy scale for the jet reconstruction. The uncalibrated jet energy measured by TileCal is reproduced by the MC simulation within a few percent level. However, the MC simulation shows a discrepancy in the description of the fraction of jet energies seen in the TileCal barrel region for the jet-energy range $140-2000$ GeV. This discrepancy is due to biases in the MC description of the jet energy at the electromagnetic scale by the Liquid Argon (LArg) and TileCal calorimeters. INTNOTEATLASINT

Tilecal timing jump detection and correction in Run 1 data Davidek T Pleskot V Solans C Solodkov A 2014 The sudden changes in the Tile Calorimeter channel timing were studied using physics collision data as well as with the laser calibration triggers during the LHC empty bunches. Tools to detect and correct these timing changes during the calibration loop were developed and are briefly described in this note. The impact on the calorimeter time performance was also investigated. Several improvements are implemented during the maintenance period after Run 1. The prospects for the Run 2 are also given. INTNOTEATLASINT

Cesium Calibration of the Intermediate Tile Calorimeter Darmora S Usai G 2014 The cesium system is used as the primary tool to setup the EM scale and equalize the response of the Tile Calorimeter cells in the ATLAS detector. A two step procedure and an optimized reconstruction method for the cesium data is proposed to be used in the cells of the Intermediate Tile Calorimeter (ITC) plug, where the standard cesium procedure is not optimal or never been applied. The method proposed for the cells inter-calibration is described and the performances are analyzed and compared where possible to the default method. As a second step, the absolute scale for the ITC cells is fixed using the response of cosmic rays and isolated muons tracks derived from the pp collisions. This is discussed in one separate note. INTNOTEATLASINT

Calibration of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter channels using the LASER system Boumediene D Dubreuil E Pallin D 2014 A LASER system is used to monitor the stability and to perfom a calibration of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter, from the photomultipliers to the read-out electronics. This note provides a detailed description of the calculation of the energy calibration factors from LASER data. These calibration factors, produced weekly, have been applied to TileCal channels on 2011-2013 ATLAS data. They are compared to those produced monthly with the Cesium calibration system which provides an absolute calibration of the TileCal detector response. The two sets of correction factors show a compatibility better than 0.5 \%, for an estimated precision of the LASER factors equal to 0.35 \%. In 2012, up to 5\% of the TileCal channels were corrected by the LASER. Thus, the LASER system is a good tool to calibrate the TileCal between 2 Cesium scans. INTNOTEATLASINT

Tile Calorimeter description of the noise with increasing Pile-up Amor Santos S LIP, Departamento de F\'isica da Universidade de Coimbra, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal Araque J P LIP, Departamento de F\'isica, Universidade do Minho, Gualtar, Braga, Portugal Castro N LIP, Departamento de F\'isica, Universidade do Minho, Gualtar, Braga, Portugal Drugakov V National Scientific and Educational Centre for Particle and High Energy Physics, Minsk, Republic of Belarus Novakova J Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic Onofre A Laborat\'orio de Instrumenta\c{c}c\~ao e F\'isica Experimental de Part\'iculas - LIP, Lisboa, Portugal Santoni C Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire, Clermont Universit\'e and Universit\'e Blaise Pascal and CNRS/IN2P3, Aubiere Cedex, France Starovoitov P DESY, Hamburg and Zeuthen, Germany Yanush S National Scientific and Educational Centre for Particle and High Energy Physics, Minsk, Republic of Belarus 2014 In this note, the TileCal noise is investigated, with special attention to the pile-up effect. A full survey of the TileCal cells is preformed, based both on pseudorapidity, bunch position in a train and number of interactions per bunch crossing. Several periods of 2011 data collected by the ATLAS experiment at $\sqrt{s}=7\,\rm{TeV}$ were used, one run without any selective trigger from each, and Monte Carlo simulation was reweighted to the pile-up conditions of the data. This study contributes to a better knowledge of the calorimeter response and performance under increasing pile-up conditions. INTNOTEATLASINT

Intercalibration of the radioactive sources used in the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter Cesium Monitoring System Isaev A Karyukhin A Shalanda N Solodkov A Solovyanov O Starchenko E 2013 The intercalibration of radioactive sources used in the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter Cesium Monitoring System was performed in March 2013. All five sources were passed repeatedly through a set of Tile Calorimeter modules, and the responses of the photomultiplier tubes were used to compare their relative activity. A dedicated NaI(Tl) crystal-based gamma-spectrometer was constructed and used to measure the energy spectra of the sources. The analysis of these spectra showed good similarity of the sources of different origins and the absence of contamination by the foreign isotopes. INTNOTEATLASINT

Stability of the photodiodes and their electronics in the LASER system of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter in 2012 and 2013 Paredes D Calvet D 2013 In this note, we present the results of the stability of the photodiodes and their electronics in the Tile Calorimeter LASER system for the data taken during 2012 and 2013. We have found that the photodiodes system has been within the same range of stability as the end of 2011. The photodiodes absolute response is stable within a range of 0.5%. The photodiodes electronics was found to be linear. INTNOTEATLASINT

Magnetic field effect in ATLAS Tile Calorimeter measured by Cesium Monitoring System Isaev A Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia Karyukhin A Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia Shalanda N Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia Solodkov A Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia Solovyanov O Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia Starchenko E Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia 2013 An increase of polystyrene scintillator light emission due to the presence of a magnetic field is observed in the ATLAS hadronic Tile Calorimeter. The effect is evaluated by the difference in the photomultiplier tube response to the Cesium-137 gamma source with magnets being on and off. The increase reaches up a maximum value of 1.1%. The spatial variation over the calorimeter body reflects the variation of the ATLAS magnetic field. INTNOTEATLASINT

Studies of the TileCal electronic noise in 2011 and early 2012 data Lundberg O Stockholm University 2013 This note gives a detailed description of the current treatment of electronic noise in the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter. It goes through the important noise constants and the process of taking data from pedestal runs, processing them with the Tile Unified Calibration Software and merging them with the ATLAS conditions database, both for real data taking and MC. Studies of the electronic noise in the Tile Calorimeter in 2011 have been performed. It is shown that the average electronic noise in cells in modules with LVPS of version 6.5.4 is around 23.5 MeV, and that there is a strong correlation between distance from channels to the LVPS and noise. An in-depth study of the noise in cells in modules with the LVPS of version 7.5 in 2012 shows that noise is lower in these modules, and the distribution is more Gaussian. Some conclusions are drawn from these studies and some plans for the future work with handling the noise constants and performing further studies of the electronic noise are presented. INTNOTEATLASINT

Stability of the High Voltage system in the Tile Calorimeter of the ATLAS detector. Calvet S Cinca D Gris Ph Valery L Vazeille F 2012 This note documents the high voltage system of the hadronic Tile Calorimeter of the ATLAS detector, and its monitoring. The different issues occurring on the HV system and a way to automatically detect them are presented. HV system performance are then presented using DCS data from 2/28/12 to 6/7/12. Finally high voltage data are compared to laser information on the period between March 2012 to June 2012 to diagnose the origin of defects detected with the previous tools. INTNOTEATLASINT

Timing performance of the Tile calorimeter in 2011 collision data Davidek T Charles University Korolkov I IFAE Montejo Berlingen J IFAE 2012 The timing performance of the ATLAS hadronic tile calorimeter is studied with isolated muons from collision events. The impact of various observables on the timing performance is analyzed. The current parametrization of the timing performance is based on an energy dependence. The introduction of further observables provides an improved understanding of the measured performance. Based on this extended set of observables, new selection cuts and corrections are proposed which improve the resolution of the time measurement up to 20% depending on the energy range. INTNOTEATLASINT

Implementation of the ROD Crate DAQ software for the ATLAS Tile calorimeter Solans CA Solovyanov O Valero A 2012 This document describes the ROD Crate DAQ software used at the level of the back-end electronics crates in the operation of the Tile calorimeter of the ATLAS experiment. A comprehensive description of the sub-detector specific configuration and information classes is done, along with their inter-relationship in order to operate the detector for calibration and physics runs. INTNOTEATLASINT

The TileCal Laser calibration system control and monitoring software Calvet D Marchionini R Viret S Lafarguette P Boumediene D 2012 This note describes in details the control and monitoring software of the TileCal Laser calibration system. It contains a description of the software architecture and a short description of the various applications as well as a detailed description of all classes and packages needed to build this software. The software herein described corresponds to the release LasCo-02-03-00 of Lutin and v3r2p0 of the TileLaserModule. INTNOTEATLASINT

Detector Control System of Tile Calorimeter Low Voltage Power Supplies System Arabidze G University of Athens Calheiros F LIP Laboratorio de Instrumentacao e Fisica Experimental Giokaris N University of Athens Gomes A LIP Laboratorio de Instrumentacao e Fisica Experimental Granado L Conseil Europeen Recherche Nucl. (CERN) Nemecek S Acad. of Sciences of the Czech Rep. (ASCR) Pina JAT LIP Laboratorio de Instrumentacao e Fisica Experimental Sargsyan L Yerevan Physics Institute Vinagre FM LIP Laboratorio de Instrumentacao e Fisica Experimental 2012 This paper describes the development and implementation of the Detector Control System (DCS) of the Low Voltage Power Supplies (LVPS) of the Tile Calorimeter detector. The DCS must ensure coherent and safe operation of the LVPS system, which is one of the main systems of Tile Calorimeter. It provides control and monitoring of all parameters of the system and gives to the user a comprehensive picture of the detector behavior. INTNOTEATLASINT

Energy response uniformity to cosmic muons of the ATLAS Hadronic Tile Calorimeter, with calorimeter-based reconstruction Sousa M J Saraiva J G Filho L M A Maio A Maneira J Ribeiro N Seixas J M Sumida T 2011 This note presents a study of the Tile Calorimeter (TileCal) energy response uniformity carried out using the energy loss of cosmic ray muons. The muon tracks are reconstructed with the TileMuonFitter (TMF) algorithm, applying the Hough Transform method and using only quantities from and measured by TileCal. A detailed evaluation of the systematic uncertainties is also presented and the results are compared to Monte Carlo simulations. This was also done using a different method (ID-track method), where tracks reconstructed by the ATLAS Inner Detector were used, but it provided an incomplete coverage in $\phi$. The TMF method allowed an extended coverage (full coverage in layer A). The agreement in the layer response between experimental results and MC, which probes the calorimeter EM scale setting, is between 2% and 5%, depending on the radial layer. A bias of 3% is measured between the first and third layer. With this analysis, a full coverage for the response in $\phi$ is achieved, for the first layer, with a module uniformity that is within 5%. For the other two layers, although with incomplete coverage (62-78%), a uniformity better than 5% is obtained. INTNOTEATLASINT

Calibration Procedure For the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter Charge Injection System Dougherty J Hard A Hollander D Hurwitz M Jen-La Plante I Meyer C Pilcher J Tunnell C 2011 The charge injection system provides a quantitative relationship between the analog physics signals in the Tile Calorimeter photo-multiplier tubes and the electronic response of the Tile Calorimeter fast readout channels. This note documents how CIS data is used to monitor every ADC channel in the Tile Calorimeter and to diagnose hardware and software problems affecting the calibration. The issue of nonlinearity in the response and the correction applied is discussed as well. INTNOTEATLASINT

Description of the Tile Calorimeter Electronic Noise Artamonov A Fiorini L Martin B T Novakova J Solodkov A Vichou I 2011 This note describes the treatment of the electronic noise of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter in the data reconstruction and in the Monte Carlo simulation. During the commissioning of the Tile Calorimeter in the ATLAS cavern, the study of the electronic noise revealed the presence of non-Gaussian tails in the energy distributions of the channels. The effect of the non-Gaussian tails on calorimetric objects like Missing Transverse Energy was first studied here [1]. In 2009, the description of the electronic noise of the Tile Calorimeter was improved to account for non-Gaussian tails observed in the cell energy distribution in randomly triggered events and more recently a non-Gaussian parametrization of the electronic noise has been introduced in the ATLAS Monte Carlo simulation. This note presents the two-Gaussian description of the electronic noise of the Tile Calorimeter and its performance, how the noise constants are derived from data and how the noise is parametrized in the Monte Carlo simulation. INTNOTEATLASINT

Study of the irradiation effect on the response of the TileCal scintillators using the Minimum Bias integrators. Fracchia Silvia Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona Giangiobbe Vincent Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona Korolkov Ilya Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona Abdallah Jalal Academia Sinica, Taipei Cortes-Gonzalez Arely Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona 2014 The Tile Calorimeter (TileCal) is the central hadronic calorimeter of the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. Together with other calorimeters, it provides precise measurements of hadrons, jets, taus and missing transverse energy. The monitoring and equalisation of the calorimeter response at each stage of the signal development are allowed by a movable 137Cs radioactive source, a laser calibration system and a charge injection system. Moreover, during the LHC data taking, an integrator based readout provides the signals coming from inelastic proton-proton collisions at low momentum transfer (minimum bias currents) and allows to monitor the instantaneous ATLAS luminosity as well as the response of calorimeter cells. Minimum bias currents have been used to detect and quantify the effect of TileCal scintillators irradiation using the data taken during 2012 that corresponds to about 22 fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity. The response variation for an irradiated cell has been studied combining the information from three calibration systems (cesium, laser and minimum bias). The results of the irradiation on the calorimeter response are reported. INTNOTEATLASPRIV

Calibration of the ATLAS hadronic barrel calorimeter TileCal using 2008, 2009 and 2010 cosmic rays data 2011 Cosmic rays collected in 2008, 2009 and 2010 have been used in the ATLAS experiment to test the calibration of the hadronic barrel calorimeter TileCal. Stable results were obtained for the three periods. The analysis was based on the comparison between experimental and simulated data, and addresses three issues. First, the average non uniformity of the response of the cells within a layer was estimated to be about 2%. Second, the average response of different layers is found to be not intercalibrated, considering the sources of error. The largest difference between the responses of two layers is 4%. Finally, the differences between the energy scales of each layer obtained in this analysis and the value set at test beams using electrons was found to range between -2% and +2%. The sources of uncertainties in the response measurements are strongly correlated and include the uncertainty in the simulation of the muon response. The overall uncertainty in the energy scale is estimated to be 3%. INTNOTEATLASPUBL