330851 SzGeCERN 20230531152255.0 oai:cds.cern.ch:330851 cerncds:FULLTEXT cerncds:CERN:FULLTEXT INIS cerncds:CERN CERCER 0254348 SLAC 3605280 SPIRES 3605280 Inspire 446868 LHC-Project-Report-125 eng CERN-LHC-Project-Report-125 Lebrun, P Superfluid helium as a technical coolant 1997 Geneva CERN 17 Jul 1997 16 p paper revised version submitted on 2004-08-19 14:20:41 The characteristics of superfluid helium as a technical coolant, which derive from its specific transport properties, are presented with particular reference to the working area in the phase diagram (saturated or pressurised helium II). We then review the principles and scaling laws of heat transport by equivalent conduction and by forced convection in pressurised helium II, thus revealing intrinsic limitations as well as technological shortcomings of these cooling methods. Once properly implemented, two-phase flow of saturated helium II presents overwhelming advantages over the previous solutions, which dictated its choice for cooling below 1.9 K the long strings of superconducting magnets in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), a 26.7 km circumference particle collider now under construction at CERN, the European Laboratory for Particle Physics near Geneva (Switzerland). We report on recent results from the ongoing research and development programme conducted on thermohydraulics of two-phase saturated helium II flows, and on the validation of design choices for the LHC cooling system. SIS ARC-PR-2007 CLAS1 LHC-PROJECT-REPORT SzGeCERN Accelerators and Storage Rings CERN LHCPROJECTREPORT PREPRINT CERN LHC Not applicable LHC CERN Depot 4, bldg. 500-S-023 (DE4) CERN-LHC-PROJECT-REPORT-125 http://preprints.cern.ch/cgi-bin/setlink?base=preprint&categ=cern&id=LHC-PROJECT-REPORT-125 Access to fulltext document http://cds.cern.ch/record/330851/files/lhc-project-report-125.pdf Access to fulltext document CERN n 199731 11 20100729 1036 CER01 19970728 330764 turin970619 PUBLIC 0002 000254348CER PREPRINT ConferencePaper 341094 SzGeCERN 20230531152255.0 oai:cds.cern.ch:341094 cerncds:FULLTEXT cerncds:CERN:FULLTEXT INIS cerncds:CERN DOI 10.1016/S0011-2275(98)00015-0 CERCER 0264891 SLAC 3679233 SPIRES 3679233 Inspire 453116 CERN annual report 98-1619 INSPEC 6028411 LHC-Project-Report-154 eng CERN-LHC-Project-Report-154 Chorowski, M CERN Thermohydraulics of Quenches and Helium Recovery in the LHC Magnet Strings 1997 Geneva CERN 17 Nov 1997 20 p paper In preparation for the Large Hadron Collider project, a 42.5 m-long prototype superconducting magnet string, representing a half-cell of the machine lattice, has been built and operated. A series of tests was performed to assess the thermohydraulics of resistive transitions (quenches) of the superconducting magnets. These measurements provide the necessary foundation for describing the observed evolution of the helium in the cold mass and formulating a mathematical model based on energy conservation. The evolution of helium after a quench simulated with the model reproduces the observations. We then extend the simulations to a full LHC cell, and finally analyse the recovery of helium discharged from the cold mass. SIS ARC-PR-2007 CLAS1 LHC-PROJECT-REPORT SzGeCERN Accelerators and Storage Rings CERN LHCPROJECTREPORT ARTICLE CERN LHC Not applicable Lebrun, P CERN Serio, L CERN Van Weelderen, R CERN LHC 533-543 5 Cryogenics 38 C97-07-23.1 1998 CERN Depot 4, bldg. 500-S-023 (DE4) CERN-LHC-PROJECT-REPORT-154 http://preprints.cern.ch/cgi-bin/setlink?base=preprint&categ=cern&id=LHC-PROJECT-REPORT-154 Access to fulltext document http://cds.cern.ch/record/341094/files/lhc-project-report-154.pdf Access to fulltext document http://cds.cern.ch/record/341094/files/lhc-project-report-154.ps.gz Access to fulltext document CERN n 199751 13 20100803 1411 CER01 19971218 341097 533-543 sanfrancisco970723 PUBLIC 000264891CER ARTICLE ConferencePaper 370927 0001 340490 SzGeCERN 20230531152135.0 oai:cds.cern.ch:340490 cerncds:FULLTEXT cerncds:CERN:FULLTEXT INIS cerncds:CERN 10.1109/20.717687 DOI CERN annual report 1999-3.0503 CERN annual report 98-2365 INSPEC 6043689 SLAC 3669491 SPIRES 3669491 Inspire 452293 LHC-Project-Report-155 eng CERN-LHC-Project-Report-155 Ramberger, S Genetic Algorithms with Niching for Conceptual Design Studies 1998 Geneva CERN 19 Nov 1997 5 p paper revised version submitted on 2004-08-19 15:48:17 The paper describes the use of genetic algorithms with the concept of niching for the conceptual design of superconducting magnets for the Large Hadron Collider, LHC at CERN. The method provides the designer with a number of possible solutions which can then be further optimized for field quality and manufacturability. Two 6 block dipole coils were found and proved to have advantages compared to the standard 5 block version. SIS INSP98 6043689 SIS ARC-PR-2007 CLAS1 LHC-PROJECT-REPORT SzGeCERN Accelerators and Storage Rings ARTICLE CERN LHCPROJECTREPORT CERN LHC Not applicable Russenschuck, Stephan AUTHOR|(CDS)2070496 #BEARD# LHC 2944-2947 5 IEEE Trans. Magn. 34 1998 CERN Depot 4, bldg. 500-S-023 (DE4) CERN-LHC-PROJECT-REPORT-155 http://documents.cern.ch/cgi-bin/setlink?base=generic&categ=public&id=cer-000264278 IEEE Published version, local copy http://preprints.cern.ch/cgi-bin/setlink?base=preprint&categ=cern&id=LHC-PROJECT-REPORT-155 Access to fulltext document http://cds.cern.ch/record/340490/files/cer-000264278.pdf IEEE Published version, local copy http://cds.cern.ch/record/340490/files/lhc-project-report-155.pdf Access to fulltext document CERN n 199750 a1999 13 20100723 1341 CER01 19971211 PUBLIC 0001 000264278CER ARTICLE 341127 SzGeCERN 20230601015908.0 oai:cds.cern.ch:341127 cerncds:FULLTEXT cerncds:CERN:FULLTEXT cerncds:CERN CERN annual report 1999-3.0424 INSPEC 6122497 SPIRES 3396215 Inspire 421988 CERN-LHC-97-011-DLO eng Herleb, U Experiments on Ion Beam Space-Charge Neutralization with Pulsed Electron Beams 1998 Geneva CERN 25 Nov 1997 5 p paper Report Space-charge neutralization of heavy ion beams with electron beam pulses generated by electron guns incorporating ferroelectric cathodes has been experimentally investigated. Several experiments are described, the results of which prove that the intensity of selected ion beam parts with defined charge states generated in a laser ion source can be increased by an order of magnitude. For elevated charge states the intensity amplification is more significant than for low charge states. A charge enhancement factor of four has been achieved by neutralization with pulsed electron beams for Al7+ ions generated from an aluminium target. SIS INSP99 SIS UNC99 6122497 CLAS1 LHC-DLO SzGeCERN Accelerators and Storage Rings ARTICLE CERN CERN LHC Riege, H LHC 464 1-2 Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., A 415 1998 CERN Depot 4, bldg. 500-S-023 (DE4) CERN-LHC-97-011-DLO http://preprints.cern.ch/cgi-bin/setlink?base=preprint&categ=cern&id=LHC-97-011 Access to fulltext document http://cds.cern.ch/record/341127/files/lhc-97-011.ps.gz Access to fulltext document CERN n 199751 a1999 13 20100901 1604 CER01 19971219 PUBLIC 0001 000264924CER ARTICLE 347898 SzGeCERN 20230531152127.0 oai:cds.cern.ch:347898 cerncds:FULLTEXT cerncds:CERN:FULLTEXT INIS cerncds:CERN SPIRES 3714098 Inspire 467930 LHC-Project-Report-167 eng CERN-LHC-Project-Report-167 Gourber, J P Status of the LHC 1999 Geneva CERN 27 Feb 1998 10 p paper Since the approval of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) by the CERN Council in December 1994, considerable progress has been made in the assessment of the beam parameters and the refining of the design of the machine components and experimental areas. Thanks to the strong support from a number of countries outside the Member States, the machine will be constructed in one single stage with first physics in 2005. The first large calls for tenders are being launched. The status of the project and the future plans are presented. SIS ARC-PR-2007 CLAS1 LHC-PROJECT-REPORT SzGeCERN Accelerators and Storage Rings ARTICLE CERN LHCPROJECTREPORT CERN LHC Not applicable LHC CERN Depot 4, bldg. 500-S-023 (DE4) CERN-LHC-PROJECT-REPORT-167 http://preprints.cern.ch/cgi-bin/setlink?base=preprint&categ=cern&id=LHC-PROJECT-REPORT-167 Access to fulltext document http://cds.cern.ch/record/347898/files/347898.zip Source files restricted to CERN users http://cds.cern.ch/record/347898/files/lhc-project-report-167.pdf Access to fulltext document http://cds.cern.ch/record/347898/files/lhc-project-report-167.ps.gz Access to fulltext document CERN n 199810 a2000 13 20100727 1740 CER01 19980305 319858 231-242 jerusalem970819 PUBLIC 0001 000272130CER ARTICLE ConferencePaper 344864 SzGeCERN 20230531152211.0 oai:cds.cern.ch:344864 cerncds:FULLTEXT cerncds:CERN:FULLTEXT INIS cerncds:CERN CERCER 0268844 SLAC 3662772 SPIRES 3662772 Inspire 451783 LHC-Project-Report-142 eng CERN-LHC-Project-Report-142 Russenschuck, Stephan AUTHOR|(CDS)2070496 #BEARD# Superconducting Magnets for the LHC Conception, Optimization and Inverse Problem Solving 1997 Geneva CERN 15 Oct 1997 10 p paper The Large Hadron Collider (LHC), approved by the CERN Council in December 1994, is a 7+7 TeV proton accelerator-collider, to be installed in the existing 27 km long LEP tunnel. The main technological challenges of the machine are the superconducting magnets, in total over 8'000 units immersed in superfluid helium, and the very large cryogenic system, which maintains the entire string of cryomagnets at its working temperature below 2 K. The paper gives an overview on the design process of the superconducting magnets where mathematical optimization techniques are applied. For the concept phase genetic optimization algorithms are used, followed by deterministic methods for the coil and iron cross-section optimization. Inverse problem solving is finally applied to trace manufacturing errors. SIS ARC-PR-2007 CLAS1 LHC-PROJECT-REPORT SzGeCERN Accelerators and Storage Rings CERN LHCPROJECTREPORT PREPRINT CERN LHC Not applicable LHC CERN Depot 4, bldg. 500-S-023 (DE4) CERN-LHC-PROJECT-REPORT-142 http://preprints.cern.ch/cgi-bin/setlink?base=preprint&categ=cern&id=LHC-PROJECT-REPORT-142 Access to fulltext document http://cds.cern.ch/record/344864/files/lhc-project-report-142.pdf Access to fulltext document http://cds.cern.ch/record/344864/files/lhc-project-report-142.ps.gz Access to fulltext document CERN n 199806 11 20100803 1411 CER01 19980204 344920 darmstadt971100 PUBLIC 000268844CER PREPRINT ConferencePaper 0001