Schmidt, R Blanco Sancho, J Burkart, F Grenier, D Griesmayer, E Tahir, N A Wollmann, D HiRadMat\nhydrodynamic tunneling 2013 2013 To predict the damage for a catastrophic failure of the protections systems for the LHC when operating with beams storing 362 MJ, simulation studies of the impact of an LHC beam on targets were performed. Firstly, the energy deposition of the first bunches in a target with FLUKA is calculated. The effect of the energy deposition on the target is then calculated with a hydrodynamic code, BIG2. The impact of only a few bunches leads to a change of target density. The calculations are done iteratively in several steps and show that such beam can tunnel up to 30-35 m into a target. Validation experiments for these calculations at LHC are not possible, therefore experiments were suggested for the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS), since\nsimulation studies with the tools used for the LHC also predict hydrodynamic tunneling for SPS beams. An experiment at the SPS-HiRadMat facility (High-Radiation to Materials) using the 440 GeV beam with 144 bunches was performed in July 2012. In this paper we compare the results of this experiment with our calculations of hydrodynamic tunneling. Barnes, M J Faus-Golfe, A Gómez, J Gutiérrez, D Toral, F Belver-Aguilar, C CLIC\nextraction kicker\ndamping rings 2013 2013 The Pre-Damping Rings (PDRs) and Damping Rings (DRs) of CLIC are needed to reduce the beam emittances to the small values required for the main linacs. The injection and extraction, from the PDRs and DRs, are carried out by kicker systems. In order to achieve both low beam coupling impedance and reasonable broadband impedance matching to the electrical circuit, striplines have been chosen for the kicker elements. The design of the stripline kicker was previously carried out by modelling the striplines with simulation codes such as HFSS, Quickfield and CST Particle Studio. In order to have a complete analysis of the striplines, the effect of electrode supports and coaxial feedthroughs have been studied in detail. In this paper, electromagnetic analyses of the complete striplines, including fabrication tolerances, are reported. Furthermore, a new idea for impedance matching is presented. Bartmann, W Goddard, B Kosmicki, A Kowalska, M Velotti, F Conf. Proc. MOPFI055 C130512 Neutrino Facility\nNorth Area\nSPS 2013 2013 A short baseline neutrino facility at CERN is presently under study. It is considered to extract a 100 GeV beam from the second long straight section of the SPS into the existing transfer channel TT20, which leads to the North Area experimental zone. A new transfer line would branch off the existing TT20 line around 600 m downstream of the extraction, followed by an S-shaped horizontal bending arc to direct the beam with the correct angle onto the defined target location. This paper describes the optimisation of the line geometry with respect to the switch regions in TT20, the integration into the existing facilities and the potential refurbishment of existing magnets. The optics design is shown, and the requirements for the magnets, power converters and instrumentation hardware are discussed. Balhan, B Borburgh, J Cole, J Gilardoni, S Goddard, B Hans, O Hourican, M Sermeus, L Steerenberg, R Yu, C Bartmann, W Conf. Proc. MOPFI054 C130512 PS\nPSB\ntransfer 2013 2013 The CERN PS Booster extraction energy will be upgraded from 1.4 to 2.0 GeV to alleviate the direct space charge tune shift in the PS. The focussing structure of the transfer line will be modified in order to better match the optics between the PSB and the PS. The optics of the PS at injection and, with it, of the transfer line can be adapted to reduce the continuous losses from the already injected and circulating beam bumped towards the septum. Experimental results of the optics optimisation and probing the injection kicker flat top are shown. Modifications of the recombination septa and the main horizontal bending magnet in the measurement line are presented. Adraktas, P Baglin, V Bregliozzi, G Caspers, F Calatroni, S Day, H Ducimetière, L Garlaschè, M Gomes Namora, V Jimenez, J M Magnin, N Mertens, V Métral, E Salvant, B Taborelli, M Uythoven, J Weterings, W Barnes, M J LHC\nkicker magnets 2013 2013 Two LHC injection kicker systems, each comprising 4 magnets per ring, produce a kick of 1.3 T·m with a rise-time of less than 900 ns and a flattop ripple of less than ±0.5%. A beam screen is placed in the aperture of each magnet, to provide a path for the image current of the LHC beam and screen the ferrite yoke against wake fields. The screen consists of a ceramic tube with conductors in the inner wall. The initially implemented beam screen ensured a low rate of electrical breakdowns and an adequately low beam coupling impedance. Operation with increasingly higher intensity beams, stable for many hours at a time, has resulted in substantial heating of the ferrite yoke, sometimes requiring cool-down over several hours before the LHC can be refilled. During the long shutdown in 2013/2014 all eight kicker magnets will be upgraded with an improved beam screen and an increased emissivity of the vacuum tank. In addition equipment adjacent to the injection kickers and various vacuum components will be modified to reduce the vacuum pressure near to the kickers during high-intensity operation. This paper discusses the upgrades. Adraktas, P Calatroni, S Caspers, F Ducimetière, L Gomes Namora, V Mertens, V Noulibos, R Taborelli, M Teissandier, B Uythoven, J Weterings, W Barnes, M J LHC\nbeam screen\ninjection kickers 2013 2013 The LHC injection kicker magnets include beam screens to shield the ferrite yokes against wake fields resulting from the high intensity beam. The screening is provided by conductors lodged in the inner wall of a ceramic support tube. LHC operation with increasingly higher bunch intensity and short bunch lengths, requires improved ferrite screening. This will be implemented by additional conductors; however these must not compromise the good high-voltage behaviour of the kicker magnets. Extensive studies have been carried out to better satisfy the often conflicting requirements for low beam coupling impedance, fast magnetic field rise-time, ultra-high vacuum and good high voltage behaviour. A new design is proposed which significantly reduces the electric field associated with the screen conductors. Results of high voltage tests are also presented. Caspers, F Calatroni, S Day, H Ducimetière, L Garlaschè, M Gomes Namora, V Mertens, V Sobiech, Z Taborelli, M Uythoven, J Weterings, W Barnes, M J LHC\ninjection kickers 2013 2013 The two LHC injection kicker systems produce an integrated field strength of 1.3 T·m with a flattop duration variable up to 7860 ns, and rise and fall times of less than 900 ns and 3000 ns, respectively. A beam screen is placed in the aperture of each magnet, which consists of a ceramic tube with conductors in the inner wall. The conductors provide a path for the beam image current and screen the ferrite yoke against wakefields. Recent LHC operation, with high intensity beam stable for many hours, resulted in significant heating of both the ferrite yoke and beam impedance reduction ferrites. For one kicker magnet the ferrite yoke approached its Curie temperature. As a result of a long thermal time-constant the ferrite yoke can require several hours to cool sufficiently to allow re-injection of beam, thus limiting the running efficiency of the LHC. Thermal measurement data has been analysed, a thermal model developed and emissivity measurements carried out. Various measures to improve the ferrite cooling have been simulated, including an improved emissivity of the vacuum tank and active cooling on the outside of the tank. Apsimon, R Balhan, B Barnes, M J Borburgh, J Goddard, B Papaphilippou, Y Uythoven, J CLIC\nDamping rings\nOptics\nProtection 2013 2013 The optics design of the injection and extraction regions for the CLIC damping rings is\npresented. The design defines the parameters for the kicker magnets and septa in these regions and has been optimised to minimise the length of the insertions within the parameter space of the system. Failure modes of the injection and extraction elements are identified and their severity assessed. Protection elements for the injection and extraction regions are optimised based on the conclusions of the failure mode analysis. Apsimon, R Latina, A Resta-López, J Schulte, D Uythoven, J CLIC\ncollimation system 2013 2013 A main beam collimation system, upstream of the main linac, is essential to protect the linac from particles in the beam halo. The proposed system consists of an energy collimation (EC) system just after the booster linac near the start of the Ring To Main Linac (RTML) transfer line and an EC and betatron collimation (BC) system at the end of the RTML, just before the main linac. The design requirements are presented and the cleaning efficiency of the proposed systems is analysed depending on different design choices. Lallement, J B Mikulec, B Puccio, B Sanchez Alvarez, J L Schmidt, R Wagner, S Apollonio, A Particle accelerators\nMachine protection design 2013 2013 Particle accelerators require Machine Protection Systems (MPS) to prevent beam-induced damage of equipment in case of failures. This becomes increasingly important for proton colliders with large energy stored in the beam such as LHC, for high power accelerators with a beam power of up to 10 MW, such as the European Spallation Source (ESS), and for linear colliders with high beam power and very small beam size. The reliability of Machine Protection Systems is crucial for safe machine operation; all possible sources of risk need to be taken into account in the early design stage. This paper presents a systematic approach to classify failures and to assess the associated risk, and discusses the impact of such considerations on the design of Machine Protection Systems. The application of this approach will be illustrated using the new design of the MPS for LINAC4, a linear accelerator under construction at CERN. Jonker, M Schmidt, R Todd, B Wagner, S Wollmann, D Zerlauth, M Apollonio, A HL-LHC\nluminosity 2013 2013 The objective of LHC operation is to optimise the output for particle physics by maximising the integrated luminosity. An important constraint comes from the event pile–up for one bunch crossing that should not exceed 140 per bunch crossing. With bunches every 25 ns the luminosity for data taking of the experiments should therefore not exceed 5*10^34 s-1cm-2. For the optimisation of the integrated luminosity it is planned to design HL-LHC for much higher luminosity than acceptable for the experiments and to limit the initial luminosity by operating with larger beam size at the collision points. During the fill, the beam size will be slowly reduced to keep the luminosity constant (as already done in LHCb). The gain from luminosity levelling depends on the average length of the fills. Today, with the LHC operating at 4 TeV, most fills are terminated due to equipment failures, resulting in an average fill length of about 5 h. In this paper we discuss the expected integrated luminosity for HL-LHC as a function of fill length and time between fills, depending on the expected Mean Time Between Failures of the LHC systems with HL-LHC parameters. We derive an availability target for HL-LHC and discuss steps to achieve this. Andreazza, W Bauche, J Cantero, E D Farantatos, P Fraser, M A Goddard, B Kadi, Y Kolehmainen, A J Lanaia, D Martino, M Mompo, R Siesling, E Sosa, A G Timmins, M Vandoni, G Voulot, D Zografos, E Parfenova, A Conf. Proc. MOPFI059 C130512 HIE-ISOLDE\ntransfer lines\nbeam optics 2013 2013 Beam design and beam optics studies for the HIE-ISOLDE transfer lines [1] have been carried out in MadX [2], and benchmarked against Trace3D results [3, 4]. Magnet field errors and alignment imperfections leading to deviations from design parameters have been treated explicitly, and the sensitivity of the machine lattice to different individual error sources was studied. As a result, the tolerances for the various error-contributions have been specified for the different equipment systems. The design choices for the expected magnet field and power supply quality, alignment tolerances, instrument resolution and physical aperture were validated. The methodology and results of the studies are presented. Barlow, R A Boucly, C Kramer, T Prost, A Dorda, U Stadlbauer, T Borburgh, J Conf. Proc. THPFI002 C130512 MedAustron\nsepta 2013 2013 For the MedAustron facility under construction in Wiener Neustadt/Austria, two electrostatic septa are built in collaboration with CERN. These septa will be used for the multi-turn injection of protons and ions, as well as for the slow extraction from the synchrotron. The power supplies are designed to combine the required precision with the capability to cycle sufficiently fast to keep up with the machine cycle. The septa are being assembled at CERN. Initial tests have been done on the remote displacement system to validate its precision and communication protocol with the MedAustron control system. Subsequently the septa are tested for vacuum performance and then HV conditioned. The construction of the septa, the requirements of the power supplies and the high voltage circuit will be described. Results of the initial laboratory tests, prior to installation in the accelerator, will be given. Schmidt, R Wenninger, J Zerlauth, M Wollmann, D LHC\nMachine protection\nOperation 2013 2013 With more than 22 fb-1 integrated luminosity delivered to the experiments ATLAS and CMS, the LHC surpassed the results of 2011 by more than a factor 5. This was achieved at 4 TeV, with intensities of ~2e14 p per beam. The uncontrolled loss of only a small fraction of the stored beam is sufficient to damage parts of the superconducting magnet system, accelerator equipment or the particle physics experiments. To protect against such losses, a correct functioning of the complex LHC machine protection (MP) systems through the operational cycle is essential. Operating with up to 140 MJ stored beam energy was only possible due to the experience and confidence gained in the two previous running periods, where the intensity was slowly increased. In this paper the 2012 performance of the MP systems is discussed. The strategy applied for a fast, but safe, intensity ramp up and the monitoring of the MP systems during stable running periods are presented. Weaknesses in the reliability of the MP systems, set-up procedures, and setting adjustments for machine development periods, discovered in 2012, are critically reviewed and improvements for the LHC operation after the up-coming long shut-down (LS1) of the LHC are proposed. Velotti, F M Alekou, A Bartmann, W Carlier, E Cornelis, K Efthymiopoulos, I Goddard, B Jensen, L K Kain, V Kowalska, M Mertens, V Steerenberg, R Conf. Proc. MOPFI050 C130512 SPS\nkickers\nshort-baseline neutrino experiments\nlong-baseline neutrino experiments 2013 2013 The Long Straight Section 2 (LSS2) of the CERN SPS is connected with the North Area (NA), to which the beam to date has always been extracted using a resonant extraction technique. For new proposed short- and long-baseline neutrino experiments, a fast single turn extraction to this experimental area is required. As there are no kickers in LSS2, and the integration of any new kickers with the existing electrostatic septum would be problematic, a solution has been developed to fast extract the beam using non-local extraction with other SPS kickers. Two different kicker systems have been used, the injection kicker in LSS1 and the stronger extraction kicker in LSS6 to extract 100 and 440 GeV beam, respectively. For both solutions a large emittance beam was extracted after 5 or 9 full betatron periods. The concept and simulation details are presented with the analysis of the aperture and beam loss considerations and experimental results collected during a series of beam tests. Baartman, R Barna, D Bartmann, W Butin, F Choisnet, O Yamada, H Vanbavinckhove, G Conf. Proc. TUPWO051 C130512 ELENA\nbeam optics\ntransfer lines 2013 2013 The future ELENA ring at CERN will decelerate the AD anti-proton beam further from 5.3 MeV to 100 keV kinetic energy, to increase the efficiency of anti-proton trapping. At present there are four experiments in the AD hall which will be complemented with the installation of ELENA by additional three experiments and an additional source for commissioning. This paper describes the optimization of the transfer line geometry, ring rotation and source position. The optics of the transfer lines and error studies to define field and alignment tolerances are shown, and the optics particularities of electrostatic elements and their optimization highlighted. Aguilera, L Caspers, F Mensi, M Taborelli, M Montero, I Conf. Proc. TUPWA041 C130512 Secondary electron yield SEY instabilities magnetic roughness 2013 2013 High secondary electron yield of metallic surfaces used in accelerator and also in space applications is of general concern. In addition to several well-known coating preparation techniques and microscopic or macroscopic mechanical roughness (grooves) which may significantly increase microwave losses the concept of magnetic surface roughness has been proposed recently to lower the effective secondary electron yield (SEY). In this concept a smooth and very good conducting surface with low microwave losses is maintained, but underneath this surface a large number of tiny permanent magnets are located to build a rough magnetic equipotential structure. In this paper we present and discuss measurement of the SEY and the improvement in terms of SEY for different parameter ranges. Barnes, M J Ovaska, S J Holma, J CLIC\ninductance\nadder 2013 2013 The CLIC study is exploring the scheme for an electron-positron collider with high luminosity and a nominal centre-of-mass energy of 3 TeV. The CLIC pre-damping rings and damping rings will produce, through synchrotron radiation, ultra-low emittance beam with high bunch charge. To avoid beam emittance increase, the damping ring kicker systems must provide extremely flat, high-voltage, pulses. The specifications for the extraction kickers of the DRs are particularly demanding: the flat-top of the pulses must be ±12.5 kV with a combined ripple and droop of not more than ±0.02 % (±2.5 V). An inductive adder is a very promising approach to meeting the specifications. However, the output impedance of the inductive adder needs to be well matched to the system impedance. The primary leakage inductance, which cannot be computed accurately analytically, has a significant effect upon the output impedance of the inductive adder. This paper presents predictions, obtained by modelling the 3D geometry of the adder structure and printed circuit boards using the FastHenry code, for primary leakage inductance. Bartmann, W Efthymiopoulos, I Papaphilippou, Y Parfenova, A Goddard, B Conf. Proc. MOPFI051 C130512 Beam injection; LAGUNA-LBNO; HPPS 2013 2013 For the Long Baseline neutrino facility under study at CERN (LAGUNA-LBNO) it is initially planned to extract a 400 GeV beam from the second long straight section in the SPS into the existing transfer channel TT20 leading to the North Area experimental zone, to a new target aligned with a far detector at a distance of 2300 km [1]. In a second phase a new High-Power Proton Synchrotron (HPPS) accelerator is proposed, to give a 2 MW beam at about 50 GeV on the same target. In this paper the required beam transfer systems are outlined, including the new sections of transfer line between the Superconducting Proton Linac (SPL), HP-PS and SPS, and from the SPS to the target, and also the injection and extraction systems in the long straight section of the HPPS. The feasibility of a 4 GeV H- injection system is discussed. Argyropoulos, T Bartosik, H Bartmann, W Bohl, T Caspers, F Cornelis, K Damerau, H Drøsdal, L Ducimetière, L Garoby, R Gianfelice-Wendt, E Gourber-Pace, M Höfle, W Iadarola, G Jensen, L Kain, V Losito, R Meddahi, M Mereghetti, A Mertens, V Mete, Ö Montesinos, E Müller, J E Papaphilippou, Y Rumolo, G Salvant, B Shaposhnikova, E Taborelli, M Timko, H Velotti, F Goddard, B Conf. Proc. WEPEA053 C130512 SPS upgrade\nHL-LHC 2013 2013 The demanding beam performance requirements of the High Luminosity (HL-) LHC project translate into a set of requirements and upgrade paths for the LHC injector complex. In this paper the performance requirements for the SPS and the known limitations are reviewed in the light of the 2012 operational experience. The various SPS upgrades in progress and still under consideration are described, in addition to the machine studies and simulations performed in 2012. The expected machine performance reach is estimated on the basis of the present knowledge, and the remaining decisions that still need to be made concerning upgrade options are detailed. Aberle, O Borburgh, J Carlier, E Cornelis, K Ducimetière, L Jensen, L K Kramer, T Manglunki, D Mereghetti, A Mertens, V Nisbet, D Salvant, B Sermeus, L Goddard, B Conf. Proc. MOPFI052 C130512 SPS injection kicker system\nbeam injection/extraction and transport 2013 2013 The LHC High Luminosity upgrade project includes a performance upgrade for heavy ions. One of the present performance limitations is the rise time of the SPS injection kicker system, which imposes a spacing of at least 220 ns between injected bunch trains at the operational rigidity. A reduction of this rise time to 50 ns for lead ions is requested as part of the suite of measures needed to increase the present design performance by a factor three. A new injection system based on a fast pulsed septum and a fast kicker has been proposed to fulfil this rise time requirement, and to meet all the constraints associated with the existing high intensity proton injection in the same region. This paper describes the concept and the required equipment parameters, and explores the implications of such a system for SPS operation. Costa Pinto, P Gallilee, M Perez Espinos, J Garion, C Conf. Proc. THPFI057 C130512 Vacuum technology\ncomposites\ncarbon 2013 2013 Highly transparent vacuum chambers are increasingly required in high energy particle physics. In particular, vacuum chambers in the experiments should be as transparent as possible to minimize the background to the detectors, whilst also reducing the material activation. Beryllium is, so far, the most performant material for this application, but it presents some drawbacks such as brittleness, manufacturing issues, toxic if broken, high cost and low availability. A development work to obtain an alternative material to beryllium with similar performance is being carried out at CERN. Three categories have been defined and considered: raw bulk material, material composites and structural composites. The main functional requirements are: vacuum compatibility (leak tightness, low outgassing rate), temperature resistance (in the range 200-230 °C), transparency, and mechanical stiffness and strength. After beryllium, carbon is the element with the lowest atomic number that is practical for this application; therefore carbon based materials have been considered in a variety of options. In this paper, several technologies are presented and discussed. Results of preliminary tests on samples are also shown. Coly, P Garion, C Conf. Proc. THPFI058 C130512 LHC\nvacuum\nvalve 2013 2013 To protect sensitive LHC machine systems against an unexpected gas inrush, a fast vacuum valve system is under development at CERN. The design of the shutter has to be compatible with dynamic loads occurring during the fast closure, namely in the 20 ms range. The material has to fulfil all main requirements such as transparency, high melting temperature, dust free and adequate leak tightness. A development of a blade in vitreous carbon material has been carried out at CERN. The blade has been successfully integrated in a commercial pendulum fast valve. In this paper, the vacuum and mechanical qualification tests are presented. Brodzinski, K Claudet, S Ferlin, G Tavian, L Wagner, U Delikaris, D LHC\ncryogenics\noperation 2013 2013 The LHC (Large Hadron Collider) accelerator consists in eight cryogenically independent sectors, each 3.3 km long with a cold mass of 4’500 t cooled at 1.9 K. Each helium cryogenic plant combines an 18 kW at 4.5 K refrigerator and a 2.4 kW at 1.8 K refrigeration unit. Since early operation for physics in November 2009, the availability has been above 90% for more than 260 days per year, ending at 94.8% in 2012 and corresponding to an equivalent availability of more than 99% per independent sector. The operation and support methodology as well as the achieved performance results are presented. Emphasis is given on implementing operational return for short, medium and long term consolidations. Perspective for restart after the first long shutdown of the LHC works will be described. Barnes, M J Caspers, F Jones, R M Salvant, B Métral, E Day, H LHC injection kicker magnets 2013 2013 The LHC injection kicker magnets (MKIs) have experienced a significant degree of beam induced heating since the beginning of 2011 due to the increasing intensity stored in the LHC, for long periods of time, and the relatively large broadband beam coupling impedance of the installed kicker magnets. In this paper we show the sources of impedance in the MKIs, and the effect that the beam screen dimensions have on the impedance. We show how these alter the power loss, and present an improved beam screen design that improves shielding on the magnet, whilst further improving the electrical breakdown situation. Bauche, J Calatroni, S Caspers, F Edwards, P Holz, M Taborelli, M Costa Pinto, P Conf. Proc. THPFI051 C130512 e-cloud carbon coating RF multipacting 2013 2013 To mitigate electron cloud in particle accelerators a carbon coating with low SEY (Secondary Electron Yield) has been developed. In the case of the SPS (Super Proton Synchrotron), which belongs to the LHC injector chain, testing of the performance of coated beam pipes directly in the accelerator must cope with the schedule of the regular machine operation. For this reason an alternative tool based on RF induced multipacting in a coaxial configuration has been designed for ex-situ characterization of the main bending dipoles of the SPS. In this contribution we report the results obtained before and after coating for two 6.4 meter dipoles with different cross sections of the vacuum chambers. The multipacting is monitored by measuring the pressure rise and the RF reflected power. After coating, the power threshold to induce multipacting is strongly reduced indicating a lower propensity for electron cloud. The impact of the RF coupling on the sensitivity of the technique is discussed. Burkart, F Blanco, J Borburgh, J Dehning, B Di Castro, M Griesmayer, E Lechner, A Lendaro, J Loprete, F Losito, R Montesano, S Schmidt, R Wollmann, D Zerlauth, M Conf. Proc. THPEA047 C130512 LHC\ninstrumentation\ndiamond detector\ncontrols 2013 2013 Experience with LHC machine protection (MP) during the last three years of operation shows that the MP systems sufficiently protect the LHC against damage in case of failures leading to beam losses with a time constant exceeding 1ms. An unexpected fast beam loss mechanism, called UFOs [1], was observed, which could potentially quench superconducting magnets. For such fast losses, but also for better understanding of slower losses, an improved understanding of the loss distribution within a bunch train is required [2]. Diamond particle detectors with bunch-by-bunch resolution and high dynamic range have been developed and successfully tested in the LHC and in experiments to quantify the damage limits of LHC components. This paper will focus on experience gained in use of diamond detectors. The properties of these detectors were measured during high-fluence material damage tests in CERN’s Hi-RadMat facility. The results will be discussed and compared to the cross-calibration with FLUKA simulations. Future applications of these detectors in the LHC to understand beam losses and to improve the protection against fast particle losses will be discussed. Baglin, V Jimenez, J M Lanza, G Porcelli, T Bregliozzi, G Conf. Proc. THPFI049 C130512 NEG coating\nLHC beam operation 2013 2013 The room temperature vacuum system of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN has been designed to ensure vacuum stability and beam lifetime of 100 h with nominal current of 0.56 A per beam at 7 TeV of energy. The requirements for the interaction regions are moreover driven to minimize the background noise of the experiments, to keep the equivalent hydrogen gas density below 1013 molecules of H2 per m3. \nDuring the last two years, the LHC operated with proton beams at a maximum energy of 4 TeV, coasting for several hours each time, causing vacuum pressure increase owing to different effects: synchrotron radiation, electron cloud and localized temperature increase due to high order modes (HOMs). \nAll these phenomena liberated an important gas load from the vacuum chamber walls, which led in some cases to a partial or a total saturation of the NEG coating. To match the design vacuum performances and hence to schedule technical interventions for NEG vacuum reactivation, it is necessary to take into account all these aspects and to regularly evaluate the saturation level of the NEG coating. \nThis study analyses the saturation level of the NEG coated beam pipes in the LHC accelerator. Pressure reading variation of the Bayard-Alpert gauges without circulating proton beams are analysed and combined with laboratory studies of the NEG saturation behaviour. In addition, Vacuum Stability Code (VASCO) simulations are used to define the gas density profile change due to the saturation process in the NEG coated beam pipes. Bracco, C Goddard, B Conf. Proc. MOPFI057 C130512 LHeC\nbeam transfer 2013 2013 The LHeC would allow for collisions between an electron beam from a new accelerator with the existing LHC hadron beam. Two possible configurations were studied: a separate linac (Linac-Ring) or a new electron ring superimposed on the LHC (Ring-Ring). The racetrack linac is now considered as the baseline for the LHeC design, with the Ring-Ring solution as a backup. The studies performed for the considered options are presented in this paper. For the Linac-Ring option the requirements for the post collision line and the beam dump design have been evaluated in the case of a 60 GeV and a 140 GeV electron beam. In the Ring-Ring option, studies have been performed on the optics design of the transfer line from a 10 GeV injector linac into the LHeC ring and of the injection system. The internal 60 GeV electron beam dump design has also been considered. Bracco, C Bauche, J Brethoux, D Clerc, V Goddard, B Gschwendtner, E Jensen, L K Kosmicki, A Le Godec, G Meddahi, M Muggli, P Mutin, C Osborne, O Papastergiou, K Pardons, A Velotti, F M Vincke, H Conf. Proc. TUPEA051 C130512 AWAKE\nSPS\ntransfer line 2013 2013 The world’s first proton driven plasma wakefield acceleration experiment (AWAKE) is presently being studied at CERN. The experimentwill use a high energy proton beam extracted from the SPS as driver. Two possible locations for installing the AWAKE facility were considered: the West Area and the CNGS beam line. The previous transfer line from the SPS to the West Area was completely dismantled in 2005 and would need to be fully re-designed and re-built. For this option, geometric constraints for radiation protection reasons would limit the maximum proton beam energy to 300 GeV. The existing CNGS line could be used by applying only minor changes to the lattice for the final focusing and the interface between the proton beam and the laser, required for plasma ionisation and bunch-modulation seeding. The beam line design studies performed for the two options are presented. Baird, S Foraz, K Perrot, A L Saban, R Tock, J Ph Bordry, F Conf. Proc. MOZB202 C130512 LHC\nLS1\nshutdown 2013 2013 The LHC has been delivering data to the physics experiments since the first collisions in 2009. The first long shutdown (LS1), which started on 14 February 2013, was triggered by the need to consolidate the magnet interconnections to allow the LHC to operate at the design energy of 14 TeV in the centre-of-mass. It has now become a major shutdown, which, in addition, includes other repairs, consolidation, upgrades and cabling across the whole accelerator complex and the associated experimental facilities. A detailed CERN-wide resource-loaded schedule was prepared aiming at resuming LHC physics in early 2015, while the rest of the CERN complex will gradually start up again in the second half of 2014.\nThe paper describes the preparation phase with the prioritisation of the activities, the building of the teams and the planning of the shutdown. Then, it gives an overview of the injector activities and the main projects in the LHC. The decision to restart at 6.5 TeV after the LS1 is recalled. Baartman, R Balhan, B Barna, D Bartmann, W Fowler, T Pricop, V Sermeus, L Vanbavinckhove, G Borburgh, J Conf. Proc. MOPFI061 C130512 ELENA\nBeam transfer\nExtraction 2013 2013 In 2011 the ELENA decelerator was approved as a CERN project. Initially one extraction was foreseen, which should use a kicker and a magnetic septum which can be recuperated from an earlier installation. Since then a second extraction has been approved and a new solution was studied using only electric fields to extract the beam. This will be achieved by fast pulsing a separator, allowing single-bunch but also a full single-turn extraction from ELENA towards the experiments. The extraction and transfer requirements of ELENA are described, followed by the principal differences between the magnetic and electric field concepts. The design of electrostatic focussing and bending devices for the transfer lines will be presented. Finally the field quality which can be achieved with the separator and the concept of its power supply will be discussed.